目录

VB.Net - 字符串( Strings)

在VB.Net中,您可以使用字符串作为字符数组,但更常见的做法是使用String关键字来声明字符串变量。 string关键字是System.String类的别名。

创建一个String对象

您可以使用以下方法之一创建字符串对象 -

  • 通过将字符串文字分配给String变量

  • 通过使用String类构造函数

  • 通过使用字符串连接运算符(+)

  • 通过检索属性或调用返回字符串的方法

  • 通过调用格式化方法将值或对象转换为其字符串表示形式

以下示例演示了这一点 -

Module strings
   Sub Main()
      Dim fname, lname, fullname, greetings As String
      fname = "Rowan"
      lname = "Atkinson"
      fullname = fname + " " + lname
      Console.WriteLine("Full Name: {0}", fullname)
      'by using string constructor
      Dim letters As Char() = {"H", "e", "l", "l", "o"}
      greetings = New String(letters)
      Console.WriteLine("Greetings: {0}", greetings)
      'methods returning String
      Dim sarray() As String = {"Hello", "From", "Tutorials", "Point"}
      Dim message As String = String.Join(" ", sarray)
      Console.WriteLine("Message: {0}", message)
      'formatting method to convert a value 
      Dim waiting As DateTime = New DateTime(2012, 12, 12, 17, 58, 1)
      Dim chat As String = String.Format("Message sent at {0:t} on {0:D}", waiting)
      Console.WriteLine("Message: {0}", chat)
      Console.ReadLine()
   End Sub
End Module

编译并执行上述代码时,会产生以下结果 -

Full Name: Rowan Atkinson
Greetings: Hello
Message: Hello From IOWIKI
Message: Message sent at 5:58 PM on Wednesday, December 12, 2012

字符串类的属性

String类具有以下两个属性 -

Sr.No 物业名称和描述
1

Chars

获取当前String对象中指定位置的Char对象。

2

Length

获取当前String对象中的字符数。

String类的方法

String类有许多方法可以帮助您处理字符串对象。 下表提供了一些最常用的方法 -

Sr.No 方法名称和描述
1

Public Shared Function Compare ( strA As String, strB As String ) As Integer

比较两个指定的字符串对象,并返回一个整数,指示它们在排序顺序中的相对位置。

2

Public Shared Function Compare ( strA As String, strB As String, ignoreCase As Boolean ) As Integer

比较两个指定的字符串对象,并返回一个整数,指示它们在排序顺序中的相对位置。 但是,如果Boolean参数为true,则忽略大小写。

3

Public Shared Function Concat ( str0 As String, str1 As String ) As String

连接两个字符串对象。

4

Public Shared Function Concat ( str0 As String, str1 As String, str2 As String ) As String

连接三个字符串对象。

5

Public Shared Function Concat (str0 As String, str1 As String, str2 As String, str3 As String ) As String

连接四个字符串对象。

6

Public Function Contains ( value As String ) As Boolean

返回一个值,指示指定的字符串对象是否出现在此字符串中。

7

Public Shared Function Copy ( str As String ) As String

创建一个与指定字符串具有相同值的新String对象。

8

pPublic Sub CopyTo ( sourceIndex As Integer, destination As Char(), destinationIndex As Integer, count As Integer )

将指定数量的字符从字符串对象的指定位置复制到Unicode字符数组中的指定位置。

9

Public Function EndsWith ( value As String ) As Boolean

确定字符串对象的结尾是否与指定的字符串匹配。

10

Public Function Equals ( value As String ) As Boolean

确定当前字符串对象和指定的字符串对象是否具有相同的值。

11

Public Shared Function Equals ( a As String, b As String ) As Boolean

确定两个指定的字符串对象是否具有相同的值。

12

Public Shared Function Format ( format As String, arg0 As Object ) As String

使用指定对象的字符串表示形式替换指定字符串中的一个或多个格式项。

13

Public Function IndexOf ( value As Char ) As Integer

返回当前字符串中第一次出现的指定Unicode字符的从零开始的索引。

14

Public Function IndexOf ( value As String ) As Integer

返回此实例中第一次出现的指定字符串的从零开始的索引。

15

Public Function IndexOf ( value As Char, startIndex As Integer ) As Integer

返回此字符串中第一次出现的指定Unicode字符的从零开始的索引,从指定的字符位置开始搜索。

16

Public Function IndexOf ( value As String, startIndex As Integer ) As Integer

返回此实例中第一次出现的指定字符串的从零开始的索引,从指定的字符位置开始搜索。

17

Public Function IndexOfAny ( anyOf As Char() ) As Integer

返回指定Unicode字符数组中任何字符的此实例中第一次出现的从零开始的索引。

18

Public Function IndexOfAny ( anyOf As Char(), startIndex As Integer ) As Integer

返回指定Unicode字符数组中任何字符的此实例中第一次出现的从零开始的索引,从指定字符位置开始搜索。

19

Public Function Insert ( startIndex As Integer, value As String ) As String

返回一个新字符串,其中在当前字符串对象的指定索引位置插入指定的字符串。

20

Public Shared Function IsNullOrEmpty ( value As String ) As Boolean

指示指定的字符串是null还是空字符串。

21

Public Shared Function Join ( separator As String, ParamArray value As String() ) As String

使用每个元素之间的指定分隔符连接字符串数组的所有元素。

22

Public Shared Function Join ( separator As String, value As String(), startIndex As Integer, count As Integer ) As String

使用每个元素之间的指定分隔符连接字符串数组的指定元素。

23

Public Function LastIndexOf ( value As Char ) As Integer

返回当前字符串对象中最后一次出现的指定Unicode字符的从零开始的索引位置。

24

Public Function LastIndexOf ( value As String ) As Integer

返回当前字符串对象中最后一次出现的指定字符串的从零开始的索引位置。

25

Public Function Remove ( startIndex As Integer ) As String

从当前实例中删除所有字符,从指定位置开始并继续到最后一个位置,然后返回字符串。

26

Public Function Remove ( startIndex As Integer, count As Integer ) As String

从指定位置开始删除当前字符串中指定数量的字符并返回该字符串。

27

Public Function Replace ( oldChar As Char, newChar As Char ) As String

使用指定的Unicode字符替换当前字符串对象中所有出现的指定Unicode字符,并返回新字符串。

28

Public Function Replace ( oldValue As String, newValue As String ) As String

使用指定的字符串替换当前字符串对象中所有出现的指定字符串,并返回新字符串。

29

Public Function Split ( ParamArray separator As Char() ) As String()

返回一个字符串数组,该数组包含当前字符串对象中的子字符串,由指定的Unicode字符数组的元素分隔。

30

Public Function Split ( separator As Char(), count As Integer ) As String()

返回一个字符串数组,该数组包含当前字符串对象中的子字符串,由指定的Unicode字符数组的元素分隔。 int参数指定要返回的最大子串数。

31

Public Function StartsWith ( value As String ) As Boolean

确定此字符串实例的开头是否与指定的字符串匹配。

32

Public Function ToCharArray As Char()

返回包含当前字符串对象中所有字符的Unicode字符数组。

33

Public Function ToCharArray ( startIndex As Integer, length As Integer ) As Char()

返回一个Unicode字符数组,其中包含当前字符串对象中的所有字符,从指定的索引开始直到指定的长度。

34

Public Function ToLower As String

返回转换为小写的此字符串的副本。

35

Public Function ToUpper As String

返回转换为大写的此字符串的副本。

36

Public Function Trim As String

从当前String对象中删除所有前导和尾随空格字符。

上面的方法列表并不详尽,请访问MSDN库以获取完整的方法列表和String类构造函数。

例子 (Examples)

以下示例演示了上面提到的一些方法 -

Comparing Strings

Module strings
   Sub Main()
      Dim str1, str2 As String
      str1 = "This is test"
      str2 = "This is text"
      If (String.Compare(str1, str2) = 0) Then
         Console.WriteLine(str1 + " and " + str2 + " are equal.")
      Else
         Console.WriteLine(str1 + " and " + str2 + " are not equal.")
      End If
      Console.ReadLine()
   End Sub
End Module

编译并执行上述代码时,会产生以下结果 -

This is test and This is text are not equal.

String Contains String

Module strings
   Sub Main()
      Dim str1 As String
      str1 = "This is test"
      If (str1.Contains("test")) Then
         Console.WriteLine("The sequence 'test' was found.")
      End If
      Console.ReadLine()
   End Sub
End Module

编译并执行上述代码时,会产生以下结果 -

The sequence 'test' was found.

Getting a Substring:

Module strings
   Sub Main()
      Dim str As String
      str = "Last night I dreamt of San Pedro"
      Console.WriteLine(str)
      Dim substr As String = str.Substring(23)
      Console.WriteLine(substr)
      Console.ReadLine()
   End Sub
End Module

编译并执行上述代码时,会产生以下结果 -

Last night I dreamt of San Pedro
San Pedro.

Joining Strings

Module strings
   Sub Main()
      Dim strarray As String() = {
         "Down the way where the nights are gay",
         "And the sun shines daily on the mountain top",
         "I took a trip on a sailing ship",
         "And when I reached Jamaica",
         "I made a stop"
      }
      Dim str As String = String.Join(vbCrLf, strarray)
      Console.WriteLine(str)
      Console.ReadLine()
   End Sub
End Module

编译并执行上述代码时,会产生以下结果 -

Down the way where the nights are gay
And the sun shines daily on the mountain top
I took a trip on a sailing ship
And when I reached Jamaica
I made a stop
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