目录
  1. WIKI教程
  2. 学习Spring Web Services
  3. Spring WS - First Application

Spring WS - First Application

让我们开始使用Spring-WS Framework编写一个基于SOAP的实际Web服务。 在我们开始使用Spring-WS框架编写第一个示例之前，我们必须确保正确设置Spring-WS环境，如Spring Web Services - Environment Setup一章中所述。 我们假设读者具有Eclipse IDE的一些基本工作知识。

因此，让我们继续编写一个简单的Spring WS应用程序，它将公开一个Web服务方法来预订HR门户中的休假。

Contract-first Approach

Spring-WS使用契约优先方法，这意味着我们应该在编写任何基于JAVA的实现代码之前准备好XML Structures 。 我们正在定义一个LeaveRequest对象，它有子对象 - Leave和Employee。

以下是必需的XML构造 -

Leave.xml

<Leave xmlns = "http://iowiki.com/hr/schemas">
   <StartDate>2016-07-03</StartDate>
   <EndDate>2016-07-07</EndDate>
</Leave>

Employee.xml

<Employee xmlns = "http://iowiki.com/hr/schemas">
   <Number>404</Number>
   <FirstName>Mahesh</FirstName>
   <LastName>Parashar</LastName>
</Employee>

LeaveRequest.xml

<LeaveRequest xmlns = "http://iowiki.com/hr/schemas">
   <Leave>
      <StartDate>2016-07-03</StartDate>
      <EndDate>2016-07-07</EndDate>
   </Leave>
   <Employee>
      <Number>404</Number>
      <FirstName>Mahesh</FirstName>
      <LastName>Parashar</LastName>
   </Employee>
</LeaveRequest>

hr.xsd

<xs:schema xmlns:xs = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
   xmlns:hr = "http://iowiki.com/hr/schemas"
   elementFormDefault = "qualified"
   targetNamespace = "http://iowiki.com/hr/schemas">
   <xs:element name = "LeaveRequest">
      <xs:complexType>
         <xs:all>
            <xs:element name = "Leave" type = "hr:LeaveType"/>
            <xs:element name = "Employee" type = "hr:EmployeeType"/>
         </xs:all>
      </xs:complexType>
   </xs:element>
   <xs:complexType name = "LeaveType">
      <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element name = "StartDate" type = "xs:date"/>
         <xs:element name = "EndDate" type = "xs:date"/>
      </xs:sequence>
   </xs:complexType>
   <xs:complexType name = "EmployeeType">
      <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element name = "Number" type = "xs:integer"/>
         <xs:element name = "FirstName" type = "xs:string"/>
         <xs:element name = "LastName" type = "xs:string"/>
      </xs:sequence>
   </xs:complexType>
</xs:schema>

创建项目

现在让我们打开命令控制台，转到C:\MVN目录并执行以下mvn命令。 

C:\MVN>mvn archetype:generate -DarchetypeGroupId = org.springframework.ws
-DarchetypeArtifactId = spring-ws-archetype -DgroupId = com.iowiki.hr
-DartifactId = leaveService

Maven将开始处理并将创建完整的Java Application Project Structure。 

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Maven Stub Project (No POM) 1
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] Using property: groupId = com.iowiki.hr
[INFO] Using property: artifactId = leaveService
Define value for property 'version':  1.0-SNAPSHOT: :
[INFO] Using property: package = com.iowiki.hr
Confirm properties configuration:
groupId: com.iowiki.hr
artifactId: leaveService
version: 1.0-SNAPSHOT
package: com.iowiki.hr
 Y: :
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------------
---
[INFO] Using following parameters for creating project from Old (1.x) Archetype:
 spring-ws-archetype:2.0.0-M1
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------------
---
[INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: com.iowiki.hr
[INFO] Parameter: packageName, Value: com.iowiki.hr
[INFO] Parameter: package, Value: com.iowiki.hr
[INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: leaveService
[INFO] Parameter: basedir, Value: C:\mvn
[INFO] Parameter: version, Value: 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] project created from Old (1.x) Archetype in dir: C:\mvn\leaveService
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 35.989 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2017-01-21T11:18:31+05:30
[INFO] Final Memory: 17M/178M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

现在转到C:/MVN目录。 我们将看到一个名为leaveService的java应用程序项目（在artifactId中指定）。 更新pom.xml并在以下文件夹中添加HumanResourceService.java和HumanResourceServiceImpl.java - C:\MVN\leaveService\src\main\java\com\iowiki\hr\service文件夹。 完成后，将LeaveEndpoint.java添加到以下文件夹中 - C:\MVN\leaveService\src\main\java\com\iowiki\hr\ws文件夹。

pom.xml

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
   xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
   http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <groupId>com.iowiki.hr</groupId>
   <artifactId>leaveService</artifactId>
   <packaging>war</packaging>
   <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
   <name>leaveService Spring-WS Application</name>
   <url>http://www.springframework.org/spring-ws</url>
   <build>
      <finalName>leaveService</finalName>
   </build>
   <dependencies>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.ws</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-ws-core</artifactId>
         <version>2.4.0.RELEASE</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>jdom</groupId>
         <artifactId>jdom</artifactId>
         <version>1.0</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>jaxen</groupId>
         <artifactId>jaxen</artifactId>
         <version>1.1</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>wsdl4j</groupId>
         <artifactId>wsdl4j</artifactId>
         <version>1.6.2</version>
      </dependency>
   </dependencies>
</project>

HumanResourceService.java

package com.iowiki.hr.service;
import java.util.Date;
public interface HumanResourceService {
   void bookLeave(Date startDate, Date endDate, String name);
}

HumanResourceServiceImpl.java

package com.iowiki.hr.service;
import java.util.Date;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class HumanResourceServiceImpl implements HumanResourceService {
   public void bookLeave(Date startDate, Date endDate, String name) {
      System.out.println("Booking holiday for [" + startDate + "-" + endDate + "]
         for [" + name + "] ");
   }
}

LeaveEndpoint.java

package com.iowiki.hr.ws;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.ws.server.endpoint.annotation.Endpoint;
import org.springframework.ws.server.endpoint.annotation.PayloadRoot;
import org.springframework.ws.server.endpoint.annotation.RequestPayload;
import com.iowiki.hr.service.HumanResourceService;
import org.jdom.Element;
import org.jdom.JDOMException;
import org.jdom.Namespace;
import org.jdom.xpath.XPath;
@Endpoint
public class LeaveEndpoint {
   private static final String NAMESPACE_URI = "http://iowiki.com/hr/schemas";
   private XPath startDateExpression;
   private XPath endDateExpression;
   private XPath nameExpression;
   private HumanResourceService humanResourceService;
   @Autowired
   public LeaveEndpoint(HumanResourceService humanResourceService) throws JDOMException {
      this.humanResourceService = humanResourceService;
      Namespace namespace = Namespace.getNamespace("hr", NAMESPACE_URI);
      startDateExpression = XPath.newInstance("//hr:StartDate");
      startDateExpression.addNamespace(namespace);
      endDateExpression = XPath.newInstance("//hr:EndDate");
      endDateExpression.addNamespace(namespace);
      nameExpression = XPath.newInstance("concat(//hr:FirstName,' ',//hr:LastName)");
      nameExpression.addNamespace(namespace);
   }
   @PayloadRoot(namespace = NAMESPACE_URI, localPart = "LeaveRequest")                  
   public void handleLeaveRequest(@RequestPayload Element leaveRequest) throws Exception {
      SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
      Date startDate = dateFormat.parse(startDateExpression.valueOf(leaveRequest));
      Date endDate = dateFormat.parse(endDateExpression.valueOf(leaveRequest));
      String name = nameExpression.valueOf(leaveRequest);
      humanResourceService.bookLeave(startDate, endDate, name);
   }
}

/WEB-INF/spring-ws-servlet.xml

<beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xmlns:sws = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/web-services"
   xsi:schemaLocation = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/web-services
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/web-services/web-services-2.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
   <context:component-scan base-package = "com.iowiki.hr"/>
   <bean id = "humanResourceService"
      class = "com.iowiki.hr.service.HumanResourceServiceImpl" />
   <sws:annotation-driven/>
   <sws:dynamic-wsdl id = "leave"
      portTypeName = "HumanResource"
      locationUri = "/leaveService/"
      targetNamespace = "http://iowiki.com/hr/definitions">
      <sws:xsd location = "/WEB-INF/hr.xsd"/>
   </sws:dynamic-wsdl>
</beans>

/WEB-INF/web.xml

<web-app xmlns = "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
   xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation = "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
   http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
   version = "2.4">
   <display-name>IoWiki HR Leave Service</display-name>
   <servlet>
      <servlet-name>spring-ws</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>
         org.springframework.ws.transport.http.MessageDispatcherServlet
      </servlet-class>
      <init-param>
         <param-name>transformWsdlLocations</param-name>
         <param-value>true</param-value>
      </init-param>
   </servlet>
   <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>spring-ws</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
   </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

/WEB-INF/hr.xsd

<xs:schema xmlns:xs = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
   xmlns:hr = "http://iowiki.com/hr/schemas"
   elementFormDefault = "qualified"
   targetNamespace = "http://iowiki.com/hr/schemas">
   <xs:element name = "LeaveRequest">
      <xs:complexType>
         <xs:all>
            <xs:element name = "Leave" type = "hr:LeaveType"/>
            <xs:element name = "Employee" type = "hr:EmployeeType"/>
         </xs:all>
      </xs:complexType>
   </xs:element>
   <xs:complexType name = "LeaveType">
      <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element name = "StartDate" type = "xs:date"/>
         <xs:element name = "EndDate" type = "xs:date"/>
      </xs:sequence>
   </xs:complexType>
   <xs:complexType name = "EmployeeType">
      <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element name = "Number" type = "xs:integer"/>
         <xs:element name = "FirstName" type = "xs:string"/>
         <xs:element name = "LastName" type = "xs:string"/>
      </xs:sequence>
   </xs:complexType>
</xs:schema>

构建项目 (Build the Project)

现在让我们打开命令控制台，转到C:\MVN\leaveService目录并执行以下mvn命令。 

C:\MVN\leaveService>mvn clean package

Maven将开始构建该项目。 

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building leaveService Spring-WS Application 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ leaveService ---
[INFO] Deleting C:\mvn\leaveService\target
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ leaveServi
ce ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources,
i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ leaveService --
-
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding Cp1252, i.e. b
uild is platform dependent!
[INFO] Compiling 3 source files to C:\mvn\leaveService\target\classes
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ le
aveService ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources,
i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\mvn\leaveService\src\test\resource
s
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ leaveSe
rvice ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ leaveService ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-war-plugin:2.2:war (default-war) @ leaveService ---
[INFO] Packaging webapp
[INFO] Assembling webapp [leaveService] in [C:\mvn\leaveService\target\leaveServ
ice]
[INFO] Processing war project
[INFO] Copying webapp resources [C:\mvn\leaveService\src\main\webapp]
[INFO] Webapp assembled in [7159 msecs]
[INFO] Building war: C:\mvn\leaveService\target\leaveService.war
[INFO] WEB-INF\web.xml already added, skipping
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 19.667 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2017-01-21T11:56:43+05:30
[INFO] Final Memory: 18M/173M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

在Eclipse中导入项目

按照下面给出的步骤在Eclipse中导入项目。

  • 打开Eclipse。

  • 选择File → Import →选项。

  • 选择Maven项目选项。 单击“下一步”按钮。

  • 选择项目位置，其中使用Maven创建了leaveService project 。

  • 单击完成按钮。

运行项目

完成创建源文件和配置文件后，导出应用程序。 右键单击应用程序，使用Export→WAR File选项并将leaveService.war文件保存在Tomcat的webapps文件夹中。

启动Tomcat服务器并确保我们能够使用标准浏览器从webapps文件夹访问其他网页。 尝试访问URL - http:// localhost:8080/leaveService/leave.wsdl，如果Spring Web Application一切正常，我们应该看到以下屏幕。

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