目录

Flex - 创建应用程序( Create Application)

我们将使用Flash Builder 4.5创建Flex应用程序。 让我们从一个简单的HelloWorld应用程序开始。

第1步 - 创建项目

第一步是使用Flash Builder IDE创建一个简单的Flex项目。 使用File 》 New 》 Flex Project选项启动项目向导。 现在使用向导窗口将项目命名为HelloWorld ,如下所示 -

创建Flex项目向导

选择应用程序类型Web (runs in Adobe Flash Player) 。 但是,如果未选中此选项,则保留其他默认值,然后单击“完成”按钮。 成功创建项目后,您将在Project Explorer中拥有以下内容 -

Flex项目结构

以下是所有重要文件夹的简要说明 -

地点
桌子边界

源代码(mxml/as classes)文件。

我们创建了com/iowiki/client文件夹结构,其中包含负责客户端UI显示的客户端特定java类。

bin-debug

这是输出部分,它代表实际可部署的Web应用程序。

History文件夹包含Flex应用程序历史记录管理的支持文件。

framework_xxx.swf,flex应用程序应该使用flex框架文件。

HelloWorld.html,用于flex应用程序的包装器/主机HTML文件。

HelloWorld.swf,我们基于flex的应用程序。

playerProductInstall.swf,flash player express installer。

spark_xxx.swf,用于支持spark组件的库。

swfobject.js,JavaScript负责在HelloWorld.html中加载HelloWorld.swf。 它检查flash player版本并将初始化参数传递给HelloWorld.swf文件。

textLayout_xxx.swf,用于文本组件支持的库。

html-template

这表示可配置的Web应用程序。 Flash Builder将文件从html-template编译为bin-debug文件夹。

History文件夹包含Flex应用程序历史记录管理的支持文件。

index.template.html,包装器/主机HTML文件,用于具有Flash Builder特定配置占位符的Flex应用程序。 在构建期间,在bin-debug文件夹中获取编译到HelloWorld.html。

playerProductInstall.swf,flash player express installer在构建期间被复制到bin-debug文件夹。

swfobject.js,JavaScript负责在HelloWorld.html中加载HelloWorld.swf。 它检查flash player版本并将初始化参数传递给HelloWorld.swf文件,在构建期间将其复制到bindebug文件夹。

第2步 - 创建外部CSS文件

html-template文件夹styles.css为Wrapper HTML页面创建一个CSS文件styles.css

html, body { 
   height:100%;
}
body { 
   margin:0; 
   padding:0; 
   overflow:auto; 
   text-align:center;		
}   
object:focus { 
   outline:none; 
}
#flashContent { 
   display:none;	
}
.pluginHeader {
   font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
   font-size:14px;
   color:#9b1204;
   text-decoration:none;
   font-weight:bold;
}
.pluginInstallText {
   font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
   font-size:12px;
   color:#000000;
   line-height:18px;
   font-style:normal;
}
.pluginText { 
   font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
   font-size:12px;
   color:#000000;
   line-height:18px;
   font-style:normal;
}

第3步 - 修改包装器HTML页面模板

修改htmltemplate文件夹中的Wrapper HTML页面模板index.template.html 。 Flash Builder将创建一个默认的Wrapper HTML页面模板html-template/index.template.html ,它将被编译为HelloWorld.html。

此文件包含Flash Builder在编译过程中替换的占位符。 例如,flash播放器版本,应用程序名称等。

如果未安装Flash插件,我们修改此文件以显示自定义消息。

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang = "en" xml:lang = "en">
   <head>
      <title>${title}</title>
      <meta name = "google" value = "notranslate" />
      <meta http-equiv = "Content-Type" content = "text/html; charset = utf-8" />
      <link rel = "stylesheet" href = "styles.css" type = "text/css"></link>
      <link rel = "stylesheet" type = "text/css" href = "history/history.css" />
      <script type = "text/javascript" table table-bordered = "history/history.js">
      </script>
      <script type = "text/javascript" table table-bordered = "swfobject.js"></script>
      <script type = "text/javascript">
         // For version detection, set to min. required Flash Player version,
         //or 0 (or 0.0.0), for no version detection.
         var swfVersionStr = "${version_major}.${version_minor}.${version_revision}";
         // To use express install, set to playerProductInstall.swf,
         //otherwise the empty string.
         var xiSwfUrlStr = "${expressInstallSwf}";
         var flashvars = {};
         var params = {};
         params.quality = "high";
         params.bgcolor = "${bgcolor}";
         params.allowscriptaccess = "sameDomain";
         params.allowfullscreen = "true";
         var attributes = {};
         attributes.id = "${application}";
         attributes.name = "${application}";
         attributes.align = "middle";
         swfobject.embedSWF (
            "${swf}.swf", "flashContent",
            "${width}", "${height}",
            swfVersionStr, xiSwfUrlStr,
            flashvars, params, attributes);
         // JavaScript enabled so display the flashContent div in case
         //it is not replaced with a swf object.
         swfobject.createCSS("#flashContent", "display:block;text-align:left;");
      </script>
   </head>
   <body>
      <div id = "flashContent">
         <p style = "margin:100px;">
            <table width = "700" cellpadding = "10" cellspacing = "2" border = "0">
               <tr>
                  <td class = "pluginHeader">Flash Player Required</td>
               </tr>
               <tr>
                  <td class = "pluginText">The Adobe Flash Player version
                     10.2.0 or greater is required.</td>
               </tr>
               <tr>
                  <td class = "pluginInstallText" align = "left">
                  <table border = "0" width = "100%">
                     <tr class = "pluginInstallText" >
                        <td>Click here to download and install Adobe Flash Player:</td>
                        <td> </td>
                        <td align = "right">
                           <script type = "text/javascript">
                              var pageHost
                                 = ((document.location.protocol == "https:") ? "https://" : "http://");
                              document.write("<a target = '_blank'"
                                 +" href = 'http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/'><"
                                 +"img style = 'border-style: none' table table-bordered = '"
                                 +pageHost
                                 +"www.adobe.com/images/shared/download_buttons/get_flash_player.gif'"
                                 +" alt = 'Get Adobe Flash player' /></a>" );
                           </script>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </table>
               </tr>
            </table>
         </p>
      </div>
      <noscript>
         <object classid = "clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000"
            width = "${width}" height = "${height}" id = "${application}">
            <param name = "movie" value = "${swf}.swf" />
            <param name = "quality" value = "high" />
            <param name = "bgcolor" value = "${bgcolor}" />
            <param name = "allowScriptAccess" value = "sameDomain" />
            <param name = "allowFullScreen" value = "true" />
            <!--[if !IE]>-->
            <object type = "application/x-shockwave-flash" data = "${swf}.swf"
               width = "${width}" height = "${height}">
               <param name = "quality" value = "high" />
               <param name = "bgcolor" value = "${bgcolor}" />
               <param name = "allowScriptAccess" value = "sameDomain" />
               <param name = "allowFullScreen" value = "true" />
            <!--<![endif]-->
            <!--[if gte IE 6]>-->
               <p>
                  <p style = "margin:100px;">
                     <table width = "700" cellpadding = "10" cellspacing = "2" 
                        border = "0">
                        <tr>
                           <td class = "pluginHeader">Flash Player Required</td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                           <td class = "pluginText">The Adobe Flash Player version
                           10.2.0 or greater is required.</td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                           <td class = "pluginInstallText" align = "left">
                           <table border = "0" width = "100%">
                              <tr class = "pluginInstallText" >
                                 <td>Click here to download and install Adobe Flash 
                                    Player:</td>
                                 <td> </td>
                                 <td align = "right">
                                    <script type = "text/javascript">
                                       var pageHost
                                          = ((document.location.protocol == "https:") ? "https://" : "http://");
                                       document.write("<a target = '_blank'"
                                          +" href = 'http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/'><"
                                          +"img style = 'border-style: none' table table-bordered = '"
                                          +pageHost
                                          +"www.adobe.com/images/shared/download_buttons/get_flash_player.gif'"
                                          +" alt = 'Get Adobe Flash player' /></a>" );
                                    </script>
                                 </td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </p>
               </p>
            <!--<![endif]-->
            <p style = "margin:100px;">
               <table width = "700" cellpadding = "10" cellspacing = "2" border = "0">
                  <tr><td class = "pluginHeader">Flash Player Required</td></tr>
                  <tr><td class = "pluginText">The Adobe Flash Player version
                     10.2.0 or greater is required.</td></tr>
                  <tr>
                     <td class = "pluginInstallText" align = "left">
                        <table border = "0" width = "100%">
                           <tr class = "pluginInstallText" >
                              <td>Click here to download and install Adobe Flash 
                                 Player:</td>
                              <td> </td>
                              <td align = "right">
                                 <script type = "text/javascript">
                                    var pageHost
                                       = ((document.location.protocol == "https:") ? "https://" : "http://");
                                    document.write("<a target = '_blank'"
                                       +" href = 'http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/'><"
                                       +"img style = 'border-style: none' table table-bordered = '"
                                       +pageHost
                                       +"www.adobe.com/images/shared/download_buttons/get_flash_player.gif'"
                                       +" alt = 'Get Adobe Flash player' /></a>" );
                                 </script>
                              </td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </td>
                  </tr>
               </table>
            </p>
         <!--[if !IE]>-->
         </object>
         <!--<![endif]-->
         </object>
      </noscript>
   </body>
</html>

第4步 - 创建内部CSS文件

table tablebordered/com/iowiki文件夹中为HelloWorld.mxml创建一个CSS文件Style.css 。 Flex为其UI控件提供类似的CSS样式,因为HTML UI控件有css样式。

/* CSS file */
@namespace s "library://ns.adobe.com/flex/spark";
@namespace mx "library://ns.adobe.com/flex/mx";
.heading {
   fontFamily: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
   fontSize: 17px;
   color: #9b1204;
   textDecoration:none;
   fontWeight:normal;
}
.button {
   fontWeight: bold;			
}
.container {
   cornerRadius :10;
   horizontalCenter :0;	
   borderColor: #777777;
   verticalCenter:0;
   backgroundColor: #efefef;
}

第5步 - 修改入门级别

Flash Builder将创建一个默认的mxml文件table tablebordered/com.iowiki/HelloWorld.mxml ,它具有应用程序的根标记“application”容器。 让我们修改此文件以显示“Hello,World!” -

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?>
<s:Application xmlns:fx = "http://ns.adobe.com/mxml/2009"
   xmlns:s = "library://ns.adobe.com/flex/spark"
   xmlns:mx = "library://ns.adobe.com/flex/mx
   width = "100%" height = "100%"
      minWidth = "500" minHeight = "500"
      initialize = "application_initializeHandler(event)">
   <fx:Style source = "/com/iowiki/client/Style.css" />
   <fx:Script>
      <![CDATA[
         import mx.controls.Alert;
         import mx.events.FlexEvent;
         protected function btnClickMe_clickHandler(event:MouseEvent):void {
            Alert.show("Hello World!");
         }
         protected function application_initializeHandler(event:FlexEvent):void {
            lblHeader.text = "My Hello World Application";
         }
      ]]>
   </fx:Script>
   <s:BorderContainer width = "500" height = "500" id = "mainContainer"
      styleName = "container">
      <s:VGroup width = "100%" height = "100%" gap = "50" horizontalAlign = "center"
         verticalAlign = "middle">
         <s:Label id = "lblHeader" fontSize = "40" color = "0x777777"
            styleName = "heading" />
         <s:Button label = "Click Me!" id = "btnClickMe"
            click = "btnClickMe_clickHandler(event)" styleName = "button" />
      </s:VGroup>
   </s:BorderContainer>
</s:Application>

您可以在同一源目录中创建更多mxml或actionscript文件,以定义新应用程序或定义帮助程序例程。

第6步 - 构建应用程序

默认情况下,Flash Builder已Build Automatically 。 如果有任何错误,请查看Problems视图。 完成更改后,您将看不到任何错误。

第7步 - 运行应用程序

现在点击 运行应用程序 运行应用程序菜单并选择HelloWorld应用程序以运行该应用程序。

Flex运行按钮

如果一切正常,您必须看到浏览器弹出,应用程序启动和运行。 如果您的应用程序一切正常,它将产生以下结果:[ Try it online ]

因为您在Flash播放器中运行应用程序,所以需要为浏览器安装Flash Player插件。 只需按照屏幕上的说明安装插件即可。 如果您已经为浏览器设置了Flash Player插件,那么您应该能够看到以下输出 -

Flex应用程序结果

恭喜! 您已使用Flex实现了第一个应用程序。

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